Operating System Security Services

Authentication and Authorization

Ensures that only authorized users can access the system.Common mechanisms include passwords, biometrics, smart cards, and two-factor authentication (2FA).

Determines user permissions and access levels. Enforced through policies like Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Mandatory Access Control (MAC).

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Encryption, System Updates and Patch Management

Protects data stored on the system (data at rest) and data transmitted over networks (data in transit). Tools: BitLocker, FileVault, OpenSSL.

Regular updates fix vulnerabilities and bugs in the OS. Automated updates or patch management systems are often used.

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File and Disk Encryption, Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Secures sensitive files and data using encryption tools. Examples: AES encryption, LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup).

Define permissions for users and groups at a granular level. Example: UNIX file permissions.

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Audit Logs and Monitoring, Backup and Recovery

Harnessing Penetration testing to analyse your application for technical flaws or run a Vulnerability testing scan

Regular backups ensure data can be restored in case of loss or compromise. Tools: Backup utilities, cloud storage services.

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Firewall and Network Security

Built-in firewalls like Windows Firewall or iptables filter incoming and outgoing traffic. Helps block unauthorized access and malware.

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Antivirus and Antimalware

Detects, prevents, and removes malicious software. Examples: Windows Defender, Norton, McAfee.

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